THE CROSS IN BYZANTINE ART: ICONOGRAPHY SYMBOLISM AND MEANING

Dr. Yaşar ÖZRİLİ

Byzantine art is an artistic tradition that developed during the Middle Ages when the Eastern Roman Empire was dominant. The cross is a very important symbol in Byzantine art and has a deep meaning in terms of both iconography and symbolism. This study aims to analyse the iconographic and symbolic expressive power of the cross in Byzantine art. Iconographic representations of the cross in Byzantine art characterise the crucifixion of Jesus Christ and his suffering. In iconography, there are various forms, depictions of the cross. These include various types such as the Latin cross, the Greek cross, the cross of Christ's crucifixion. Each type of cross carries different meanings and also symbolises different scriptures and figures. It also characterises concepts such as martyrdom, sacrifice, resistance and victory. The cross was used in icon, frescoes, mosaics and other works of art. For example, in Jesus iconography, the cross can be seen in Jesus' hand or on his throne. This article, which is structured with the method of literature review and document analysis, aims to illuminate the iconographic and symbolic meanings of the cross in Byzantine art. The cross is one of the sacred symbols of the Christian faith in Byzantine art.

Keywords: Art History, Byzantine Art, Cross, Iconography, Symbolism

DOI: https://doi.org/10.58642/kutbilim
Publication date: 29.12.2023

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